publications([{ "lang": "fr", "publisher": "ACM", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3450522.3451326", "title": "Exploring the Physicality of Widgets for Head-Based Interaction: the Case of Menu in Mixed Reality", "url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03567060", "abstract": "Mixed Reality with a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) offers unique perspectives for head-based interaction with virtual content and widgets. Besides virtual widgets, physical objects can be anchors (mixed widgets) or directly materialised widgets (physical widgets). The physicality (virtual-mixed-physical) of widgets defines a new dimension for Mixed Reality (MR) interaction that extends existing taxonomies of widgets in MR. As a first step to explore this new dimension, we focus on a commonly used widget: a menu. We thus evaluate the performance and usability of head pointing to a virtual, a mixed and a physical menu. Results suggest that pointing to a physical menu was on average 2s faster than pointing to a mixed or a virtual menu and preferred by participants. Virtual and mixed menus led to similar performances, but 11 participants over 15 preferred mixed menus over virtual ones. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations (benefits/limitations) for virtual, mixed and physical menus in MR.", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Bailly" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "year": 2021, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/BLN21a/", "pages": "11:1-11", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 940, "abbr": "BLN21a", "address": "Virtual Event, France", "date": "2021-04-13", "type": "Conférences nationales avec comité de lecture sur texte complet", "booktitle": "Actes de la 32e conférence francophone sur l'Interaction Humain-Machine (IHM'20.21)", "type_publi": "colcomlec" }, { "lang": "en", "publisher": "ACM", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3399715.3399842", "title": "Bring2Me: Bringing Virtual Widgets Back to the User's Field of View in Mixed Reality", "url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02960599", "abstract": "Current Mixed Reality (MR) Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) offer a limited Field Of View (FOV) of the mixed environment. Turning the head is thus necessary to visually perceive the virtual objects that are placed within the real world. However, turning the head also means loosing the initial visual context. This limitation is critical in contexts like augmented surgery where surgeons need to visually focus on the operative field. To address this limitation we propose to bring virtual objects/widgets back to the users' FOV instead of forcing the users to turn their head. We carry an initial investigation to demonstrate the approach by designing and evaluating three new menu techniques to first bring the menu back to the users' FOV before selecting an item. Results show that our three menu techniques are 1.5s faster on average than the baseline head-motion menu technique and are largely preferred by participants.", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Bailly" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "year": 2020, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/BLN20a/", "pages": "1-9", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 885, "abbr": "BLN20a", "address": "Ischia Island, Italy", "date": "2020-09-28", "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet", "booktitle": "AVI '20: International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces", "type_publi": "icolcomlec" }, { "lang": "en", "publisher": "Springer", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29390-1_22", "title": "Head-controlled Menu in Mixed Reality with a HMD", "abstract": "We present a design-space and three new techniques for head-based interaction with menus in Mixed Reality (MR) with a Head-Mounted Display (HMD). Usual input modalities such as hand gestures and voice commands are not suitable in noisy MR contexts where the users have both hands occupied as in augmented surgery and machine maintenance. To address these two issues of noisy MR contexts and hand-free interaction, we systematically explore the design space of head-controlled menu interaction by considering two design factors: 1) head-controlled menu versus head-controlled cursor 2) virtual targets versus mixed targets anchored on physical objects. Based on the design space, we present three novel menu techniques that we compared with a baseline head-controlled cursor technique. Experimental results suggest that head-controlled menu and head-controlled cursor techniques offer similar performance. In addition, the study found that mixed targets do not impact ultimate user performance when users are trained enough, but improve the learning phase. When using virtual targets, users still progressed after the training phase by reducing their mean selection time by 0.84s. When using mixed targets, the improvement was limited to 0.3s.", "year": 2019, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/BLN19a/", "pages": "395-415", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 852, "abbr": "BLN19a", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Bailly" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "date": "2019-09-02", "document": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publs/2019/cameraReady_submission1166_.pdf", "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet", "booktitle": "Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2019. INTERACT 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11749", "type_publi": "icolcomlec" }, { "lang": "en", "type_publi": "icolcomlec", "doi": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2909132.2909265", "title": "Target Expansion Lens: It is Not the More Visual Feedback the Better!", "abstract": "To enhance pointing tasks, target expansion techniques allocate larger activation areas to targets. We distinguish two basic elements of a target expansion technique: the expansion algorithm and the visual aid on the effective expanded targets. We present a systematic analysis of the relevance of the visual aid provided by (1) existing target expansion techniques and (2) Expansion Lens. The latter is a new continuous technique for acquiring targets. Expansion Lens namely, uses a round area centered on the cursor: the lens. The users can see in the lens the target expanded area boundaries that the lens is hovering over. Expansion Lens serves as a magic lens revealing the underlying expansion algorithm. The design rationale of Expansion Lens is based on a systematic analysis of the relevance of the visual aid according to the three goal-oriented phases of a pointing task namely the starting, transfer and validation phases. Expansion Lens optimizes (1) the transfer phase by providing a simple-shaped visual aid centered on the cursor, and (2) the validation phase regarding error rates, by displaying the target expanded area boundaries. The results of our controlled experiment comparing Expansion Lens with four existing target expansion techniques show that Expansion Lens highlights a good trade-off for performance by being the less-error prone technique and the second fastest technique. The experimental data for each phase of the pointing task also confirm our design approach based on the relevance of the visual aid according to the phase of the pointing task.", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Maxime", "last_name": "Guillon" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "year": 2016, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/GLN16a/", "pages": "52-59", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 770, "abbr": "GLN16a", "address": "Bari, Italy", "date": "2016-06-07", "document": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publs/2016/GuillonNigayAVI16.pdf", "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet", "booktitle": "Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI'16), Bari, Italy, 7-10 June, 2016" }, { "lang": "en", "type_publi": "icolcomlec", "doi": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702375", "title": "Investigating Visual Feedforward for Target Expansion Techniques", "abstract": "Target expansion techniques facilitate the pointing task by enlarging the effective sizes of targets. When the target expansion is applied to both the motor and visual spaces, the visual feedforward mechanism is key: Indeed it provides a visual aid to the user on the effective expanded targets prior to the execution or completion of the pointing task, enabling the user to take full advantage of the target expansion technique. Focusing on feedforward mechanisms, we introduce a design space that allows us to describe, classify and design target expansion techniques. To do so we first introduce and characterize the concept of atomic feedforward mechanism along three design axes. We then describe a target expansion technique as a combination of atomic feedforward mechanisms using a matrix-based notation. We provide an analytical exploration of the design space by classifying existing techniques and by designing six new techniques. We also provide a first experimental exploration of the design space in the context of distant pointing. The experimental protocol includes an innovative target layout for handling non-centroidal target expansion. The results show that feedforward dynamicity increases movement time and decreases subjective usability, while explicit expansion observability efficiently supports error prevention for distant pointing.", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Maxime", "last_name": "Guillon" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "year": 2015, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/GLN15a/", "pages": "2777-2786", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 716, "abbr": "GLN15a", "address": "Seoul, Republic of Korea", "date": "2015-02-12", "document": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publs/2015/GuillonNigay2015.pdf", "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet", "booktitle": "Proceedings of the 33th international conference on Human factors in computing systems (CHI 2015)" }, { "lang": "en", "publisher": "ACM", "doi": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2598153.2598178", "title": "Static Voronoi-Based Target Expansion Technique for Distant Pointing", "abstract": "Addressing the challenges of distant pointing, we present the feedforward static targeting assistance technique VTE: Voronoi-based Target Expansion. VTE statically displays all the activation areas by dividing the total screen space into areas such that there is only one target inside each area, also called Voronoi tessellation. The key benefit of VTE is in providing the user with an immediate understanding of the targets’ activation boundaries before the pointing task even begins: VTE then provides static targeting assistance for both phases of a pointing task, the ballistic motion and the corrective phase. With the goal of making the environment visually uncluttered, we present a first user study to explore the visual parameters of VTE that affect the performance of the technique. In a second user study focusing on static versus dynamic assistance, we compare VTE with Bubble Ray, a dynamic Voronoi-based targeting assistance technique for distant pointing. Results show that VTE significantly outperforms the dynamic assistance technique and is preferred by users both for ray-casting pointing and relative pointing with a hand-controlled cursor. ", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Maxime", "last_name": "Guillon" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "year": 2014, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/GLN14a/", "pages": "41-48", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 687, "abbr": "GLN14a", "address": "Como, Italy", "date": "2014-05-27", "document": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publs/2014/AVI14-GuillonLeitnerNigay.pdf", "type": "Conférences internationales de large diffusion avec comité de lecture sur texte complet", "booktitle": "Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI 2014)", "type_publi": "icolcomlec" }, { "lang": "fr", "type_publi": "colloque", "doi": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01089609", "title": "VTE : une technique de pointage à distance", "url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01089609", "abstract": "Cet article présente la technique d’interaction VTE (Voronoi-based Target Expansion), pour pointer sur une cible numérique affichée sur un écran distant. VTE exploite l’espace libre entre les cibles à l’écran en partageant l’espace de l’écran en zones de grandeur optimale pour chaque cible selon une tesselation de Voronoï. Les zones sont affichées de façon statique sur l’écran et l’utilisateur peut sélectionner une cible en pointant n’importe où dans la zone correspondant à la cible. Ainsi VTE facilite le pointage en augmentant la taille des cibles dans l’espace visuel et moteur. De nombreux environnements nécessitent de pouvoir interagir avec des objets numériques sur un écran distant. Notre domaine d’application est la chirurgie augmentée. ", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Maxime", "last_name": "Guillon" }, "2": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "3": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" } }, "year": 2014, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/GLN14b/", "pages": "8-9", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 706, "abbr": "GLN14b", "address": "Lille, France", "date": "2014-10-28", "document": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publs/2014/VTEDemo.pdf", "type": "Autres conférences et colloques avec actes", "booktitle": "Actes informels de la 26e conférence francophone sur l'Interaction Homme-Machine : démonstration" }, { "lang": "fr", "type_publi": "colloque", "title": "Techniques de Pointage à Distance : Cibles Numériques et Cibles Physique", "url": "https://ubimob2014.sciencesconf.org/42778", "abstract": "Au sein d’un environnement ubiquitaire, l’ordinateur devient évanescent : nos objets quotidiens sont augmentés d’électronique, les environnements deviennent perceptifs déconfinant l’interaction homme-machine de l’ancien ordinateur «boîte grise» à des espaces pervasifs. Désormais, l’utilisateur évolue dans un monde physico-numérique ou espace interactif mixte. Au sein de cet espace interactif, un besoin est alors d’interagir à distance que ce soit pour manipuler des objets numériques sur un écran distant ou des objets physiques. Cet article est dédié aux techniques de pointage à distance pour désigner un objet numérique ou physique. Nous décrivons six techniques de pointage pour interagir dans un environnement ubiquitaire, la première pour pointer à distance sur des cibles numériques, les cinq autres pour pointer sur des objets physiques avec et sans un dispositif mobile.", "authors": { "1": { "first_name": "Céline", "last_name": "Coutrix" }, "2": { "first_name": "William", "last_name": "Delamare" }, "3": { "first_name": "Maxime", "last_name": "Guillon" }, "4": { "first_name": "Takeshi", "last_name": "Kurata" }, "5": { "first_name": "François", "last_name": "Leitner" }, "6": { "first_name": "Laurence", "last_name": "Nigay" }, "7": { "first_name": "Thomas", "last_name": "Vincent" } }, "year": 2014, "uri": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publication/CDG+14a/", "pages": "5", "bibtype": "inproceedings", "id": 691, "abbr": "CDG+14a", "address": "Nice, France", "date": "2014-06-05", "document": "http://iihm.imag.fr/publs/2014/UBIMOB2014-DistantPointing.pdf", "type": "Autres conférences et colloques avec actes", "booktitle": "UbiMob2014 : 10èmes journées francophones Mobilité et Ubiquité" }]);